The TBN project is situated approximately 50km northeast of the city of Thunder Bay, within the Thunder Bay Mining Division, in Ontario, Canada. The property is located in close proximity to excellent infrastructure and is accessible using a series of intermittently-maintained logging roads branching from Armstrong Highway 527, which in turn branches from the Trans-Canada Highway 11-17 a short distance east of the city of Thunder Bay.
The TBN project is located in close proximity to several operating mines which include the Lac Des Iles mine owned by Impala Platinum Holdings and the Eagle mine owned by Lundin Mining.
Clean Air Metals has executed a definitive agreement with Benton Resources to acquire its:
This represents a significant discount as close to C$100 million has been spent on the project by previous owners.
The TBN project currently comprises of three separate claim blocks which include:
The Project is hosted in the Quetico Terrane (subprovince) of the Superior Province of the Canadian Precambrian Shield (Figure 3). The Quetico Terrane is interpreted as a fore-arc accretionary prism deposited during and after peak volcanic activity within the adjacent Wawa, Wabigoon, and Abitibi Terranes between 2,698 and 2,688 million years ago. The terrane is about 70 km wide and forms a linear strip of moderately to strongly metamorphosed and deformed clastic meta-sedimentary rocks and their melt equivalents.
The TBN project consists of two main intrusive complexes which include:
Within the Project area, the main rock-types are Archean-age granitoid and metasedimentary rocks of the Quetico Terrane, and Meso-Proterozoic-age Keweenawan Supergroup mafic to ultramafic intrusive rocks and related intermediate to mafic hybrid intrusive rocks of the Mid-continent Rift (MCR). The MCR-related intrusive rocks within are considered to be part of the TBN Intrusive Complex which includes: the Current Lake, Steepledge Lake, Lone Island Lake, and 025 intrusions, all of which exhibit PGE-Cu-Ni mineralization.
The Current Lake, Steepledge Lake, and Lone Island Lake intrusions appear to be connected by the diffuse East West Complex which consists of a series of moderately-dipping hybrid sills and dykes that are confined to the Escape Lake Fault Zone which is part of the Quetico Fault system. The Current Lake PGE-Cu-Ni Deposit is hosted within the Current Lake Intrusion and the Escape Lake discovery is hosted within the Steepledge Lake-Escape Lake Intrusion.
Current Lake Intrusion
Between 1993 to 2000, most of the exploration on the Current Lake project was completed by local prospectors and consisted of general mapping, lithogeochemistry, soil sampling, and ground magnetic surveys.
The bulk of the exploration completed on the Current Lake deposit occurred from 2005 and on whenMagma Metals optioned the 26 claim Current Lake Property in 2005 and the Beaver Lake claim in 2006. Magma Metals was taken over by Panoramic Resources Limited in June 2012. Work completed by Panoramic included a number of airborne and ground geophysical surveys, geological and structural mapping, petrological, baseline environmental studies. Between December 2006 and December 2012, Magma/Panoramic drilled 801 core drill holes (185,516m) on the property.
A first-time historic mineral resource estimate was completed by SRK Consulting Ltd (SRK) in 2009. An updated historic mineral resource was calculated in late 2010 and a Preliminary Economic Evaluation was completed in February 2011 by AMEC Americas (AMEC).
Steepledge Lake Intrusion
Rio Tinto staked the Escape Lake block in 2006 and performed successive rounds of limited diamond drilling between 2010 and 2012. These programs yielded impressive drill intercepts highlighted by drill holes 12CL0009 and 11CL0005. High-grade intercepts from these programs included an intercept of 33.4m at 7.28gpt Pt+Pd+Au and 2.26% Cu+Ni.
Between 2014 and 2016 Rio Tinto completed outcrop and boulder prospecting throughout the Thunder Bay North Property and reprocessed all Magma Metals/Panoramic geophysical data under an Earn-In JV agreement dated 2014. During 2015 and 2016 Rio Tinto drilled 24 core holes (~9500m) into the Project with 7 holes (2418m) drilled into the TBN Property and 17 holes (7081.04m) into the Escape Lake Property. In late 2016 Rio flew a semi-airborne HeliSAM survey over the Current Lake and Steepledge Lake intrusions.
Qualifying Statements and Notes
Notes
Thunder Bay North Open Pit Historic Estimate: The open pit Historic Estimate is reported at a cut-off grade of 0.59 g/t Pt-Eq within a Lerchs-Grossman pit shell optimized on Pt-Eq. The strip ratio (waste:ore) of this pit is 9.5:1. The platinum-equivalency formula is based on assumed metal prices and overall recoveries. The Pt-Eq formula is: Pt-Eq g/t = Pt g/t + Pd g/t x 0.3204 + Au g/t x 0.6379 + Ag g/t x 0.0062 + Cu g/t x 0.00011 + Total Ni g/t x 0.000195 + Total Co g/t x 0.000124 + Rh g/t x 2.1816. The conversion factor shown in the formula for each metal represents the conversion from each metal to platinum on a recovered value basis. The assumed metal prices used in the Pt-Eq formula are: Pt US$1,595/oz, Pd US$512/oz, Au US$1,015/oz, Ag US$15.74/oz, Cu US$2.20/lb, Ni US$7.71/lb, Co US$7.71/lb and Rh US$3,479/oz. The assumed combined flotation and PlatsolTM process recoveries used in the Pt-Eq formula are: Pt 76%, Pd 75%, Au 76%, Ag 55%, Cu 86%, Ni 44%, Co 28% and Rh 76%. The assumed refinery payables are: Pt 98%, Pd 98%, Au 97%, Ag 85%, Cu 100%, Ni 100%, Co 100% and Rh 98%.
Thunder Bay North Underground Historic Estimate: The underground Historic Estimate is reported at a cut-off grade of 1.94g/t Pt-Eq. The Pt-Eq formula is: Pt-Eq g/t = Pt g/t + Pd g/t x 0.2721 + Au g/t x 0.3968 + Ag g/t x 0.0084 + Cu g/t x 0.000118 + Sulphide Ni g/t x 0.000433 + Sulphide Co g/t x 0.000428 + Rh g/t x 2.7211. The assumed metal prices used in the Pt-Eq formula are: Pt US$1,470/oz, Pd US$400/oz, Rh US$4,000/oz, Au US$875/oz, Ag US$14.30/oz, Cu US$2.10/lb, Ni US$7.30/lb and Co US$13.00/lb. The assumed process recoveries used in the Pt-Eq formula are: Pt 75%, Pd 75%, Rh 75%, Au 50%, Ag 50%, Cu 90%, and Ni and Co in sulphide 90%. The assumed smelter recoveries used in the Pt-Eq formula are Pt 85%, Pd 85%, Rh 85%, Au 85%, Ag 85%, Cu 85%, Ni 90% and Co 50%. Ni and Co in sulphide were estimated by linear regression of MgO to total Ni and total Co respectively. The regression formula for Ni in sulphide (NiSx) is: NiSx = Ni - (MgO% x 60.35 - 551.43). The regression formula for Co in sulphide (CoSx) is: CoSx = Co - (MgO% x 4.45 - 9.25).
The historic estimate of the Current Lake Deposit at the Thunder Bay North Project is considered by Clean Air to be historic in nature. No Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101 has done sufficient work for Clean Air to classify the historic estimate of the Current Lake Deposit as current and the Company is not treating the historic estimate as current. The Company's QP has verified the data but no resampling of core or any other tests on the analytical procedures has yet been performed by the Company to-date. Confirming the historic estimate at Current Lake will be a concurrent priority for Clean Air Metals Inc.